Vol. These sources are attached to each ancestor so that you can personally judge their reliability. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Married to: Sir Oliver St John, of Bletsoe; 14251437. John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, KG (6 March 1340 3 February 1399) was a member of the House of Plantagenet, the third surviving son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. An adjacent chantry chapel was added between 1399 and 1403. London: Nichols & Son, 1826. Henry IV of England (1367-1413) married (1) Mary de Bohun (1369-1394); (2) Joanna of Navarre (1368-1437) Pausing on the journey to use his army to drive off the French forces who were then besieging Brest, he landed at Corunna in northern Spain on 29 July. John inherited the rest of the Lancaster property when Blanche's sister Maud, Countess of Leicester (married to William V, Count of Hainaut), died without issue on 10 April 1362. Married to: Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby; 14721504. Chaucer retorts that "My frend maystow nat reven, blind goddesse" (50) and orders her to take away those who merely pretend to be his friends. He was the immediate ancestor of the three 15th-century Lancastrian monarchs, Henry IV, V, and VI. "White" is the English translation of the French word "blanche", implying that the white lady was Blanche of Lancaster.[27]. Coat of Arms of Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter, Descendants of John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, Cokayne, G. E.; H. A. Doubleday & Lord Howard de Walden, eds. He is also referred to by Falstaff in Henry IV Part I. Hungerford in Berkshire has ancient links to the Duchy, the manor becoming part of John of Gaunt's estate in 1362 before James I passed ownership to two local men in 1612 (which subsequently became Town & Manor of Hungerford Charity). When Edward III died in 1377 and John's ten-year-old nephew succeeded as Richard II of England, John's influence strengthened. London: The St. Catherine Press, p.62, see blazon of arms in Montague-Smith, P.W. 1st Duke of Lancaster. [41], As claimant to the throne of Castile and Len from 1372, he impaled the arms of that kingdom (Gules, a castle or, quartering Argent, a lion rampant purpure) with his own. It is always preferable to locate primary records where possible. Henry Somerset, 3rd Marquess of Worcester (16291700), sixth in descent from Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester, assisted in the Restoration of the Monarchy to King Charles II, who in 1682 created him Duke of Beaufort. Afonso of Portugal (1390-1400) 3. [42] He thus continued to signal his alliance with the Castilian royal house, while abandoning any claim to the throne. Blanche died on 12 September 1368 at Tutbury Castle, while her husband was overseas. After the death in 1376 of his older brother Edward of Woodstock (also known as the "Black Prince"), John of Gaunt contrived to protect the religious reformer John Wycliffe, possibly to counteract the growing secular power of the church. His birthplace, Ghent in Flanders, then known in English as Gaunt, was the origin of his name. Here are 10 facts about the royal ancestor, John of Gaunt. Blanche of Portugal (1388-1389) 3. John of Gaunt was Blanche Swynford's godfather. Daughter of: King Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville. SOURCE: Wikipedia He was made Earl of Richmond in September 1342. The adulterous relationship endured until 1381, when it was broken out of political necessity. Son of: Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond and Lady Margaret Beaufort. This lesson explores the life and family tree of John of Gaunt, first Duke of Lancaster. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [5] Following Gaunt's death in 1399, his estates and titles were declared forfeit to the Crown, and his son Henry, now disinherited, was branded a traitor and exiled. Blanche (13591388/1389), who married Sir Thomas Morieux (13551387) in 1381 and had no children. John was married three times. However, mistrust remained, and some suspected him of wanting to seize the throne himself. In 1371, John married Infanta Constance of Castile, daughter of King Peter of Castile, thus giving him a claim to the Crown of Castile, which he would pursue. The children of Katherine Swynford, surnamed "Beaufort," were legitimised by royal and papal decrees after John and Katherine married in 1396. Allrightsreserved. The two alabaster effigies were notable for having their right hands joined. John fathered five children outside marriage, one early in life by a lady-in-waiting to his mother, and four by Katherine Swynford, Gaunt's long-term mistress and third wife. In September, the siege was simply abandoned and the army returned ingloriously to England. This rumour, which infuriated him, may have been inspired by the fact that Edward III had not been present at his birth.[4]. John's daughter, Blanche, married Sir Thomas Morieux in 1381. They married in 1359 at Reading Abbey. John of Gaunt: key dates & facts Born: March 1340, Abbey of Saint Bavon in Ghent Died: 3 February 1399, Leicester, age 58 Parents: King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault Known for: Third surviving son of King Edward III, and a commander in the Hundred Years' War. Elizabeth (1364-1426), married (1) in 1380 John Hastings, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1372-1389), annulled 1383; married (2) in 1386 John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter (1350-1400); (3) Sir John Cornwall, 1st Baron Fanhope and Milbroke (d. 1443) Though John was never able to make good his claim, his daughter by Constance, Catherine of Lancaster, became Queen of Castile by marrying Henry III of Castile. Further reinforced by German mercenaries, they marched on Harfleur, but were delayed by French guerilla operations while the town prepared for a siege. As with any good genealogical research, if you discover a link to your own family tree, consider it a starting point for further research. John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, was born on March 6, 1340, at St. Bavo's Abbey in Ghent, Belgium. He was called "John of Gaunt" because he was born in . Edward (1365) died within a year of his birth and was buried in the Collegiate Church of the Annunciation of Our Lady of The Newarke, Leicester. When the dynastic struggle of the Wars of the Roses broke out in the later fifteenth century, the Beauforts were the chief supporters of Henry VI and the House of Lancaster.[4]. Learn how and when to remove this template message, John Cornwall, 1st Baron Fanhope and Milbroke, Death of John of Gaunt, Richard Cavendish explains the life and death of Henry IV's father, on February 3rd, 1399, Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a UK Pound Amount, 1270 to Present, www.measuringworth.com, "British History in depth: Black Death: Political and Social Changes", Several entries, as Duke of Aquitaine & Lancaster; and as King of Castile and Duke of Lancaster, "Explanatory Notes on 'The Book of the Duchess', "Marks of cadency in the British royal family", Sir Jean Froissart: John of Gaunt in Portugal, 1385, Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary, Eleanor of England, Countess of Leicester, Joan, Countess of Hertford and Gloucester, Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk, Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Gaunt&oldid=1149661958, Pretenders to the throne of the kingdom of Castile, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from December 2022, All articles needing additional references, Pages using infobox military person with embed, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2023, Articles needing additional references from March 2020, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from January 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2023, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW, Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW with an wstitle parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, During his marriage to Constance, John of Gaunt fathered four children by a mistress, the widow.
